Oncología clínica: informes de casos

Cancer Complexity: A Review

Carlos A. Cardenas*, Jose Javier Bravo

This cancer review explores its intricate nature, genetic underpinnings, and treatment methodologies. Exploring the nature, genetic foundations, and treatment methodologies within the field, placing particular emphasis on the groundbreaking gene-editing tool CRISPR. Derived from a microbial defense mechanism, CRISPR acts as precision scissors, fundamentally altering human cell DNA with unparalleled accuracy since its transformative emergence in 2013. Comprising a guide RNA and a DNA-cutting enzyme, typically Cas9, CRISPR allows intricate editing, democratizing the field of gene editing. The review navigates from the fundamental definition of cancer to the nuanced complexities of metastasis, shedding light on precursors, dispelling myths, and culminating in the paradigm-shifting impact of CRISPR on personalized oncology. Providing a whole perspective, the synthesis of scientific rigor and contextualized insights strives to offer a better understanding of cancer, embracing both its intricacies and the transformative potential of contemporary therapeutic approaches.